Adaptive management is “an intentional approach to making decisions and adjustments in response to new information and changes in context.” This type of management means that you deal with difficult program problems during your program. To improve your actively running program. Not just after the project ends, but to improve the next program.
The basic idea behind adaptive management is that if you’re not getting the results you need, study why, and make necessary shifts. Plans are never set in stone and should not be rigidly followed. They are guidelines based on your best estimate, at the time you wrote them, of what would work. If the data indicates that things are not actually working, then you need to adapt.
Use your data and what you learn to inform program changes now. Not later! The faster you respond, the less likely that getting off track will snowball into additional challenges. Or become more costly or complex to fix later.
To adapt, if you are not getting the behavioral or factor-level outcomes you expected, ask:
- “why”,
- “how”, and
- “based on what”.
Then make immediate changes to activities, supporting actor actions or critical factors, based on the answers you gather.
When you adapt on an ongoing basis, you can proactively respond to changing environments, needs, and program elements. It allows you to realign your program interventions, based on rapid learning and feedback. And you can better pair those interventions with your behavioral outcomes. Adaptation lets you compensate for the fact that it’s difficult to see the “best” way through before you start implementation. No matter how well-developed your priority behaviors and pathways to change are.
Adapting on an ongoing basis within your program means:
- Flexibility throughout implementation based on dialogue and learning with partners.
- Decision-making power rests in the hands of staff as close to implementation as possible.
- Shared accountability exists for outcomes, recognizing the challenges of carrying out social and behavior change programs.
Adapting as you go lets you program elements in a timely manner, based on your meaningful indicators. This makes sure you are moving towards your goal by changing your priority behaviors. And if you find you are not moving in the direction you hoped? Then adaptive management helps you see what needs to change and how you should course-correct.