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Behavior Profile Sample: Care for Pneumonia

A Behavior Profile is a summary analysis of each behavior. This sample draws from global evidence and illustrates the result of using the Create Behavior Profiles Tool to analyze factors, supporting actors and strategies and to ensure logical pathways exist between strategies proposed and factors related to the practice of the behavior. This sample may be used as a starting point or reference for creating Behavior Profiles.

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Health Goal	Improve maternal and child survival
Accelerator Behavior	Caregivers appropriately manage care for signs and symptoms of ARI in children Indicator: Percentage of children born in the five years preceding the survey with acute respiratory infection taken to a health facility

Behavior Analysis	Strategy
STEPS What steps are needed to practice this behavior? Recognize signs and symptoms of ARI Mobilize transport, resources, and logistics Obtain appropriate diagnosis and treatment from a qualified provider Adhere to full course of prescribed treatment Continue or increase breastfeeding appropriate for age Continue other fluids and feeding as possible during illness Provide extra food according to age for at least 2 weeks following illness Click on any box to see the pathwaysA pathway illustrates how elements in the Behavior Profile are linked. When read from right to left, a pathway highlights how strategies are expected to address the factors to enable adoption of the Accelerator Behavior. of the behavior.	FACTORS What factors may prevent or support practice of this behavior? These should be analyzed for each country context. Structural Accessibility: Caregivers cannot obtain care for pneumonia because facilities are often far from households and easy transportation is unavailable Accessibility: Caregivers cannot obtain care for pneumonia because services and treatment options are often unaffordable Service Experience: Caregivers are discouraged from seeking care for pneumonia because facilities are often poorly equipped, poorly supplied, or poorly staffed Social Family and Community Support: Caregivers do not seek care from a health facility for children with pneumonia because they often lack support from a spouse or other influential social actors Norms: Caregivers do not seek care for pneumonia at a health facility because cultural beliefs often discourage it Internal Attitudes and Beliefs: Caregivers do not seek care for pneumonia at a health facility because they often do not perceive the illness as serious enough to require it Knowledge: Caregivers do not seek care for pneumonia at a health facility because they do not know the symptoms and danger signs of ARI	SUPPORTING ACTORS AND ACTIONS Who must support the practice of this behavior? Institutional Policymakers: Formulate national policy to provide free treatment for children under five Logistics Personnel: Proactively monitor stock levels and forecast needed medical supplies and drugs Community Community Leaders: Establish community transport schemes for urgent careseeking Household Family Members: Encourage caregivers to seek treatment with trained health providers at onset of symptoms	POSSIBLE PROGRAM STRATEGIES How might we focus our efforts based on this analysis? Enabling Environment Policies and Governance: Formulate national policy to provide free treatment for children under five Policies and Governance: Formulate policies that ensure community involvement in how health care facilities are staffed and supervised Systems, Products and Services Quality Improvement: Train and equip village health workers to diagnose and treat pneumonia Quality Improvement: Train private pharmacies to recognize and appropriately treat or refer children with symptoms of pneumonia Demand and Use Communication: Utilize all well-child health touchpoints to work with mothers and families on the recognition of symptoms of childhood illness, including ARI and the need for immediate care-seeking Skills Building: Train and equip community and religious leaders to facilitate careseeking through community mobilization and transport or financing schemes

Behavior Analysis

Strategy

STEPS

What steps are needed to practice this behavior?

Recognize signs and symptoms of ARI
Mobilize transport, resources, and logistics
Obtain appropriate diagnosis and treatment from a qualified provider
Adhere to full course of prescribed treatment
Continue or increase breastfeeding appropriate for age
Continue other fluids and feeding as possible during illness
Provide extra food according to age for at least 2 weeks following illness

Click on any box
to see the pathwaysA pathway illustrates how elements in the Behavior Profile are linked. When read from right to left, a pathway highlights how strategies are expected to address the factors to enable adoption of the Accelerator Behavior.
of the behavior.

FACTORS

What factors may prevent or support practice of this behavior? These should be analyzed for each country context.

Structural

Accessibility: Caregivers cannot obtain care for pneumonia because facilities are often far from households and easy transportation is unavailable

Accessibility: Caregivers cannot obtain care for pneumonia because services and treatment options are often unaffordable

Service Experience: Caregivers are discouraged from seeking care for pneumonia because facilities are often poorly equipped, poorly supplied, or poorly staffed

Social

Family and Community Support: Caregivers do not seek care from a health facility for children with pneumonia because they often lack support from a spouse or other influential social actors

Norms: Caregivers do not seek care for pneumonia at a health facility because cultural beliefs often discourage it

Internal

Attitudes and Beliefs: Caregivers do not seek care for pneumonia at a health facility because they often do not perceive the illness as serious enough to require it

Knowledge: Caregivers do not seek care for pneumonia at a health facility because they do not know the symptoms and danger signs of ARI

SUPPORTING ACTORS AND ACTIONS

Who must support the practice of this behavior?

Institutional

Policymakers: Formulate national policy to provide free treatment for children under five

Logistics Personnel: Proactively monitor stock levels and forecast needed medical supplies and drugs

Community

Community Leaders: Establish community transport schemes for urgent careseeking

Household

Family Members: Encourage caregivers to seek treatment with trained health providers at onset of symptoms

POSSIBLE PROGRAM STRATEGIES

How might we focus our efforts based on this analysis?

Enabling Environment

Policies and Governance: Formulate national policy to provide free treatment for children under five

Policies and Governance: Formulate policies that ensure community involvement in how health care facilities are staffed and supervised

Systems, Products and Services

Quality Improvement: Train and equip village health workers to diagnose and treat pneumonia

Quality Improvement: Train private pharmacies to recognize and appropriately treat or refer children with symptoms of pneumonia

Demand and Use

Communication: Utilize all well-child health touchpoints to work with mothers and families on the recognition of symptoms of childhood illness, including ARI and the need for immediate care-seeking

Skills Building: Train and equip community and religious leaders to facilitate careseeking through community mobilization and transport or financing schemes

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Care for Pneumonia

Key Points from Global Research