The Big Idea: Early childhood development (ECD) interventions to enhance parent practices in children's health and growth, protection from neglect, abuse, and injury have lifelong impact on health, learning, economic productiveness outcomes. Many programs consider integrating ECD through existing health delivery platforms. This study reviews how this can be done effectively and the results of this integration.
The Big Idea: Many pregnant women may prefer to deliver their child at a health care facility rather at home with a traditional birth attendant, but do not feel able to choose this option because their female family members do not feel it is culturally appropriate. When designing strategies to increase uptake of deliveries in health care facilities, consider ways to help pregnant women, their families, and the community support the decision by incorporating traditional birth practices and modern delivery methods.
The Big Idea: Well-designed, evidence-based sexuality education is an effective strategy to help young people delay first intercourse and use modern methods of contraception. However, school-based sexuality education often faces organized resistance from religious leaders and parent groups, among others. Building coalitions across communities, teachers, adolescent influencers, media, and religious leaders, gives programs better chance of success and scale-up.
The Big Idea: Many people believe that stillbirths are preventable, and that women who have stillbirths should not grieve long and “just get over it.” So many women suffer in silence from long-term emotional grief. By sharing their stories with a friend or family member, women can learn that they are not alone and can become advocates for norm change.
The Big Idea: Environmental education is frequently undertaken to change the attitudes and practices of participants, often aimed at children with the rationale that children influence the attitudes of their parents, who will consequently change their behavior. This is the first rigorous study to demonstrate adults exhibiting greater knowledge of wetlands and improved reported household water management behavior when their child has received wetland education in schools.
The Big Idea: Ownership of ITNs does not necessarily ensure consistent and correct use of ITNs. Increased social support through home visits can improve utilization.
The Big Idea: In many cultures, fathers play an important role in influencing a new mother’s attitudes regarding early initiation of and exclusive breastfeeding. This study showed that a single in-person intervention session with fathers during the antenatal period, followed by minimal communication for six weeks during the post-natal period, can significantly improve breastfeeding behaviors among new mothers.
The Big Idea: To improve newborn care practices, evidence-informed community-based strategies involve the training of community health workers, community mobilization and facility-based improvements. Improved newborn care practices are supported by combination of timely and appropriate services including facility delivery and home visits after childbirth.
The Big Idea: Neonatal mortality reduction can be achieved with a simple, low-cost package of interventions that includes home visits to whole households by community health workers and consistent community engagement with newborn care stakeholders to change social norms, focusing on locally meaningful practices that community members believe are within their control to change, in this case prevention and management of hypothermia.
The Big Idea: Newborn care services during the immediate postnatal period is a key strategy to increase survival. In Ethiopia, like in many countries, postnatal care coverage is low. This intervention aimed to increase timely service use by engaging family decision makers.
The Big Idea: Most interventions aimed at raising vaccination coverage focus on improving services or on informing and motivating families. The use of a visual tool that engages communities to ensure that all children get vaccinations on schedule can increase demand for immunization within health services and among communities, identification of children requiring immunization, and thereby increase coverage.
The Big Idea: Managers who oversee large-scale infant and young child feeding programs may rely primarily on mass media to spread the word about life-saving infant and young child nutrition behaviors. Integrating strategic face-to-face communication that engages women and their families with mass media can accelerate positive outcomes.
The Big Idea: Programs often work with mothers to improve child nutrition. Engaging grandmothers, who are both caregivers of young children as well as influencers of mothers, is often important to improve infant and young child feeding practices.
The Big Idea: Mobile technology based communications typically require participants to have their own cell phones. Disparities in cell phone penetration, especially for women, limit the reach of mHealth programs. Women’s groups formed for other purposes, such as microfinance, can effectively manage and use a single cell phone to improve breastfeeding.
The Big Idea: HPV vaccination is a critical component of effective primary prevention against cervical cancer. Vaccinating girls prior to sexual debut (9 to 13 years) is the most cost-effective public health measure against cervical cancer in high-prevalence settings. Coverage tends to be highest when vaccination is delivered through school-based programs, but these campaigns need to carefully address potential vaccine hesitancies and rumors.
The Big Idea: In recent years, there has been an increasing recognition that broader socioeconomic and environmental conditions such as school climate and the availability of peer, parental, and tutor support shape motivation and educational success. This test showed that a simple social support intervention can help promote positive behaviours among young people, such as school attendance.
In recent years, there has been an increasing recognition that broader socioeconomic and environmental conditions such as school climate and the availability of peer, parental, and tutor support shape motivation and educational success. This test showed that a simple social support intervention can help promote positive behaviors among young people, such as school attendance.
The Big Idea: Women’s informal savings groups are common around the world. Their formats can limit flexibility in responding to members' needs, particularly when it comes to loans or coping with unexpected expenses.
The Big Idea: Infections in the neonatal period cause up to on-quarter of neonatal mortality, including pneumonia, sepsis, and infections of the umbilical cord. Handwashing with soap could potentially reduce the risk of infection during the vulnerable neonatal period.
The Big Idea: Newborns are most vulnerable during the first 48 hours after birth, a time when many mothers and newborns are confined by social norms to the home. Involving family members, neighbors and friends of pregnant women through family meetings and technology to notify community health workers of labor and birth is a scalable model that effectively increases the coverage of postnatal care
The Big Idea: Influential community members, such as community barbers, who perform traditional ceremonies that give them contact with newborns, can to help normalize vaccination for newborns in areas where resistances to vaccination persist.
The Big Idea: Maternity leave and maternity protection are identified as important for breastfeeding support, but studies have showed inconsistent information between maternity leave and breastfeeding duration. This review clarifies the association between the length of maternity leave and breastfeeding duration by socioeconomic strata.
The Big Idea: For those who manage WASH programs in harsh desert environments where water resources are limited, one might assume that the environment and political conflicts over water are the key factors to address. But women (including female refugees) can play a critical role in reducing water consumption by identifying and repairing leaks in households in their own homes/residences and in their communities when trained as professional plumbers.
The Big Idea: Women are often the focus of interventions to improve maternal and newborn health, but they make decisions within the larger context of family and community. This program in Egypt worked through locally embedded community development associations (CDAs), many of which had minimal health programming experience, to engage caregivers, their social networks and their communities to encourage better household decision-making by increasing knowledge and promotion of healthy behaviors.
The Big Idea: Youth-headed households are highly vulnerable to abuse and youth in these households are at higher risk of mental disorders and early sexual initiation. Trusted adults trained as Community Mentors can help to reduce abuse and maltreatment of youth-headed households, which supports their ability to adopt HIV preventive practices and service utilization.
The Big Idea: In Sierra Leone, like many countries around the world, women comprise the majority of voters but are underrepresented in national and sub-national decision-making processes. This gap impedes progress in achieving gender equality and advancing inclusive development. Women’s savings group provide a platform to inspire and support women to take office.
The Big Idea: Exclusive breastfeeding is influenced by multiple factors at the institutional, social and individual levels. Addressing all of these levels simultaneously using locally tailored strategies can improve the duration and prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding.
The Big Idea: Portfolio managers who oversee programs that seek to help change gender norms to help create more equitable lives for girls and young women often need to consider the social norms that might serve as barriers to change. Social norm principles can shift social and gender norms including: identifying and engaging “first adopters,” such as men and boys in the community who are already practicing behaviors that support more equity for girls and women, creating space for dialogue and debate, and role modeling by girls and boys, and women and men.
The Big Idea: Pregnant women may choose to deliver their child at home rather than in health care facilities when they perceive that care providers do not have the knowledge or respect for their unique cultural and religious practices related to maternal care. Designing and delivering cultural competency training for health care providers may help women and their families feel more comfortable delivering their child in a health care facility.